Conditions & Treatments | San Jose

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Our Interventional Radiology and Neuroendovascular Surgery
Condition | Treatment Options

GASTROENTEROLOGY (GI):

• Dysphagia: Esophageal Stent, Gastrostomy
• Obstruction: Duodenal/Colonic Stent
• Ascites: Paracentesis, Tunneled Catheter, TIPS/DIPS
• Jaundice: Biliary Stent, Stone Extraction
• Cholecystitis: Cholecystostomy
• GI Bleed / Hemorrhoids: Embolization
• Liver Tumor Treatment: Chemo Embolization, Radio Embolization, Radio Frequency, Microwave Ablation, Cryo Ablation, Etoh Injection, Transjugular Liver Biopsy
• Mass: Biopsy of Liver, Abdomen, Spleen, Renal, Pancreas, Lymph Nodes
• Mesenteric Ischemia: SMA, Celiac Stent, Thrombectomy
• Abdominal Hernia: Botox Injection
• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Endovascular Aortic Repair

PAIN:

• Back Pain & Sciatica, Peripheral Neuropathy: Epidural Steroid Injection, Selective Nerve Root Blocks, SI Joint Injection/Ablation, Facet Injection/Ablation, Discectomy, Discography, Myelography, Spinal Stimulator, Pain Pump, Piriformis Nerve Block
• Compression Fracture: Kyphoplasty/Vertebroplasty
• Tumor Metastasis: Tumor Ablation
• Rib Fractures: Intercostal Nerve Block/Neurolysis
• Headache: Occipital Nerve Block
• Migraine: Sphenopalatine Ganglion Nerve Block
• Chronic Abdominal Pain: Celiac Block
• Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Sympathetic Pain): Stellate Ganglion Block, Trigeminal Nerve Block
• Chronic Pelvic Pain: Hypogastric Block
• Back & Leg Pain: Spinal Cord Stimulator
• Facial Pain: Trigeminal Nerve Block
• Pubic Ramus Pain: Nerve Block/Cementoplasty

PULMONARY:

• Effusion: Thoracentesis, Pleural Biopsy, Pleurodesis, Pleurex
• SOB/Tracheomalacia: Bronchial/Tracheal Stent
• Hemoptysis: Embolization
• Tumor: Biopsy/Microwave/RF Ablation, Cryo Ablation, Chemo Embolization
• Lung Abscess: CT Drainage, Chest Tube
• Pulmonary Embolism: Thrombectomy, Lysis, IVC Filter, Ecmo, AngioVac
• Pneumothorax: Thoracic Vent
• Tracheal Fistula: Covered Stent
• Broncho-Pleural Fistula: Embolization
• Thoracic Aneurysm/Dissection: Aortic Stent Graft

GENITOURINARY (GU):

• Urinary Obstruction: Nephrostomy, Ureteral Stent
• Mass: Renal Biopsy, Microwave, RF Ablation
• Hematuria: Embolization, Cryoablation
• Renal Artery Stenosis: Angioplasty, Stent
• Fibroids: Uterine Artery Embolization
• Pelvic Pain/Pelvic Congestion Syndrome: Gonadal Vein Embolization
• BPH/Prostate Enlargement: Prostate Artery Embolization, Prostate Vein Embolization
• Urethral Stricture: Angioplasty/Stent
• TOA/PID/Pelvic Abscess: Abscess Drainage (Trans-Abdominal, -Vaginal, -Rectal)
• Renal Stones: Nephrolithotomy/Stone Extraction
• Adrenal Tumors: RFA/Microwave Ablation/Embolization

VENOUS ACCESS:

• SVC Syndrome: Total central vein reconstruction
• May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS): Stent
• DVT: Thrombectomy, Lysis, IVC Filter
• Varicose Veins: Endovenous Laser of Saphenous Vein Ablation, RFA, MOCA, Venaseal, Clarivein
• Spider Vein: Sclerotherapy
• Lymph Edema: Lymphoangiogram
• AVF Creation, Mediport, PICC, Tunneled Catheter, Peritoneal Catheter

LEGS:

• Arterial:
  • Cold Leg/Discoloration: Stent, Angioplasty
  • Non-Healing Ulcer/Gangrene: Atherectomy
  • Claudication: Lithotripsy
  • Rest Pain: Thrombectomy, Lysis
• Venous:
  • May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS): Stent
  • DVT: Thrombectomy, Lysis, IVC Filter
  • Varicose Veins: Endovenous Laser Saphenous Vein Ablation, RFA, MOCA, Venaseal, Perforator Ablation, Micro Phlebectomy, Clarivein
  • Spider Vein: Sclerotherapy

ONCOLOGY:

• Palpable Mass: Biopsy
• Liver Tumor Treatment: Chemo Embolization, Radio Embolization, Radio Frequency, Microwave Ablation, Cryo Ablation, Etoh Injection, Transjugular Liver Biopsy
• Mass: Biopsy of Liver, Abdomen, Spleen, Renal, Pancreas, Lymph Nodes

NEUROLOGY:

• Stroke/TIA: Carotid Stent, Stroke Intervention
• Intracranial Bleeding: Aneurysm Coiling
• Epistaxis: Embolization
• Spinal/Brain Vascular Lesions: Cerebral/Spinal Angiograms
• Vasculitis: Cerebral Angiogram

MUSCULOSKELETAL:

• Joints: Knee, Ankle, Shoulder, AC Joint, Hip, TMJ: Joint/Bursa Injection, Arthrocentesis, Steroid Injection, PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma)
• Knee (osteoarthritis): Geniculate Artery Embolization (GAE), Hyaluronic Acid, Steroid
• Mass: Bone/Muscle Biopsy
• Vascular Malformation: Embolization of AVM, Hemangioma, Venous Malformation, Sclerotherapy

Read More...

Benefits of Treatment here at MISS

• Safe, with high standards of care
• No incision, minimal pain, and no scarring
• No general anesthesia required
• Outpatient procedure with same-day discharge
• Fast recovery, typically around two hours
• Cost-effective

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

An aneurysm is a localized, balloon-like expansion in a blood vessel caused by weak vessel walls. The aorta is the artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the legs. When a bulge occurs in the abdominal section of the aorta, between the diaphragm and the legs, it is called an "abdominal aortic aneurysm." Most aortic aneurysms occur in the abdomen, and most abdominal aortic aneurysms occur beneath the kidneys, and may continue into the iliac (leg) arteries. ...

Biliary Drainage | San Jose

Biliary drainage, also called percutaneous biliary drainage, is a common treatment for clearing gallstones and other blockages from the bile ducts. The bile ducts carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine to aid in digestion. ...

Brachial-Plexus Nerve Block

The brachial plexus is a nerve-fiber network that runs from the spine, through the neck and armpit region, into the arm. A brachial-plexus injury affects the nerves that send signals from the spine to the arms, shoulders and hands. It occurs when nerves are stretched, compressed or torn, often during contact sports. Minor brachial-plexus injuries can heal on their own, but more severe injuries can require surgery. A brachial-plexus nerve block provides pain relief via an injection of local anesthetic. ...

Renal Artery Aneurysm

A renal artery aneurysm is a bulge or "balloon" that forms in the wall of an artery that travels to a kidney. In most cases, there are no symptoms associated with renal artery aneurysms, and they are often discovered accidentally during examinations for other medical conditions. Renal artery aneurysms may be caused by congenital weakness in the walls of the arteries; certain diseases; infection; or trauma that has damaged the vascular walls. Most renal artery aneurysms are small, and do not require medical treatment. However, larger aneurysms that are in danger of rupturing may require surgery. ...

Brain Aneurysm Embolization

A brain aneurysm embolization, also known as endovascular coiling, is a minimally invasive treatment for a brain aneurysm. It can be used to treat aneurysms that have ruptured and those that are intact. During the procedure, a catheter is inserted into the artery and a coil is threaded through the catheter and placed within the aneurysm, cutting off the flow of blood to the aneurysm. The lack of blood flow prevents the aneurysm from rupturing or leaking. Brain aneurysm embolization is an alternative treatment method available to patients that do not qualify for surgery. ...

Claudication Treatment | San Jose 

Claudication is pain in the legs caused by too little blood flow. It is generally associated with conditions such as peripheral artery disease or arteriosclerosis. While it primarily occurs in the legs, claudication may also affect the arms. If left untreated, claudication may have serious medical consequences.

Seeking relief from symptoms of Claudication like Intermittent claudication caused by Peripheral artery disease (PAD)? Experience Leg pain, Leg cramping, or signs of Vascular disease and Arterial insufficiency affecting Leg circulation? Explore effective Claudication treatment options? Consult Dr. Arash Padidar, a Claudication specialist in San Jose, renowned for providing minimally invasive surgery and advanced interventional radiology procedures like Percutaneous procedures. 
  ...

Computed Tomography Scan

Computed tomography (CT) scan is a sophisticated X-ray imaging system that scans thin "slices" of the body on all sides, then combines those slices into a highly detailed, three-dimensional digital image of hard and soft tissues in the body. The procedure is non-invasive, requires minimal radiation exposure, and can simultaneously depict tissues of different densities, which is not possible with traditional X-ray methods. ...

Watch: Deep Venous Thrombosis | DVT | Dr. Arash Padidar 

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) 

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs when a blood clot forms in a deep vein, often in the legs. It can result from anything that hinders normal blood flow or clotting. Causes include extended inactivity (e.g., long flights or bed rest), vein injury, and certain medical conditions.

DVT is serious and requires treatment to prevent clots from traveling to the lungs, heart, or brain, which can be fatal.

Contact us to schedule a DVT consultation we are located in San Jose, Santa Clara County, Silicon Valley.  (408) 918-0405 ...

Endovenous Laser Ablation

Endovenous laser ablation, also known as EVLA, is a minimally invasive alternative to the traditional ligation and stripping treatment of varicose veins. Varicose veins are a common medical condition involving diseased veins, usually in the leg. As blood pools in the legs, the walls of the veins distend, until the veins appear raised and twisted under the skin. For some individuals, varicose veins present only a cosmetic problem. If the condition worsens, however, varicose veins can become painful and even dangerous and medical intervention may become necessary. ...

Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis ("dialysis," for short) is a blood-cleansing procedure used as treatment for chronic kidney failure. The chief function of the kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood. When the kidneys fail, hemodialysis takes over their function. During hemodialysis, blood is removed from a vein in the patient's arm (the leg is also used, albeit much less frequently), circulated through a filtering machine, and returned to the body through an artery. ...

May-Thurner Syndrome

May-Thurner syndrome is the result of the compression of the left iliac vein.The right iliac artery, which normally lays over the iliac vein, is the cause of this condition. In this syndrome, the right iliac artery constricts the iliac vein which narrows as a result of the constriction and sometimes scars. An individual with May-Thurner syndrome is at increased risk for developing deep vein thrombosis, or DVT, a potentially serious blood clot that can completely obstruct the circulation of blood in that vein. Such an individual may also develop venous insufficiency as a result of the deep vein thrombosis, known as post-thrombotic syndrome. ...

Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Pelvic pain syndrome is a chronic condition that involves persistent pain in the lower-abdominal and pelvic regions. Pelvic pain syndrome may be diagnosed when pelvic pain is chronic, and has been present for more than 6 months. It can affect women both physically and emotionally, leading to sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression and sexual dysfunction. Pelvic pain can be a symptom of an underlying condition, or its cause may remain unknown. Living with pelvic pain syndrome is often difficult, and many women spend years trying to determine its cause. ...

Watch: Peripheral Artery Disease Screening | Dr. Arash Padidar 

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) | Screening

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is often caused by atherosclerosis, an accumulation of plaque in the peripheral arteries, which carry blood to the arms, legs and internal organs. Atherosclerosis causes the peripheral arteries to narrow and harden, and/or become blocked. By reducing the amount of blood that flows to the limbs and organs, atherosclerosis increases the risk of heart attack, stroke and transient ischemic attack. It can also cause limbs to become infected and, in severe cases, gangrenous. ...

Plantar Fasciitis

Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the plantar fascia, a band of fibrous connective tissue that runs along the bottom of the foot from the heel to the base of the toes. This band normally supports the muscles and the arch of the foot, functioning as a shock absorber, but if, after repeated stretching, it tears, inflammation and severe heel pain, exacerbated by standing or walking, result. Plantar fasciitis is the most frequent cause of heel pain and a common reason for the development of outgrowths of bone, called heel spurs, as well. It is more common in women and tends to occur as people age. ...

Sclerotherapy

Sclerotherapy is a minimally invasive medical procedure used to treat varicose and spider veins, most commonly found on the legs, by collapsing them through the use of a solvent. Sclerotherapy has been used on patients since the 1930s with great success, producing increasingly effective medical, as well as cosmetic, results. ...

Varicocele

A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum. Varicoceles are similar to varicose veins in the legs and form for similar reasons. The valves inside the veins become weak and ineffective, enabling a backflow of blood. Varicoceles are common, occurring in about 15 to 20 percent of all males. Almost all varicoceles affect the left testicle. Many varicoceles cause no symptoms, but they may result in discomfort and are a major, though reparable, cause of infertility. When and if varicoceles become troublesome, they can be corrected surgically. ...

Varicose Veins FAQs

Varicose veins are enlarged veins near the surface of the skin which may be troubling both cosmetically and medically. They occur most frequently in the legs, but may exist elsewhere in the body. Following are some of the questions frequently asked by patients who suffer with varicose veins. ...

Brain Arteriovenous Malformation

A brain arteriovenous malformation, also known as a brain AVM, is a congenital condition that involves an abnormal connection between arteries and veins within the brain, causing them to appear tangled and dilated, putting patients at risk for hemorrhaging and other serious complications. AVMs may prevent oxygenated blood from completely circulating throughout the brain, causing symptoms such as headaches and vision problems. AVMs are present at birth and may occur nearly anywhere in the body, but are most common within the brain or spine. The exact cause of this condition is unknown, but it is believed to develop in utero, during fetal development. Brain arteriovenous malformations are more common in males than females and some evidence suggests they may run in families. ...

Endovenous Radiofrequency Ablation

Endovenous radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive alternative to vein stripping for the treatment of varicose veins. Varicose veins are veins in which the valves are damaged to the point that there is a backflow of blood, called venous reflux. Venous reflux interferes with efficient circulation and causes blood to pool in the affected veins and cause distention. ...

Epidural Steroid Injections

By reducing inflammation, epidural steroid injections (ESIs) are used to temporarily relieve lumbar (lower back), cervical (neck), thoracic (mid-spine) and sciatic-nerve pain. ESIs contain cortisone and an anesthetic, and are delivered directly to the epidural space, which is the area between the spinal cord and the outer membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord (the dura). As a result, they provide more effective and faster pain relief than oral medications. ...

Gastrostomy

Gastrostomy is a procedure during which a plastic feeding tube is inserted directly into the intestinal tract to provide nourishment when normal nutrition is difficult or impossible. Gastrostomy may conducted during an endoscopy, when the surgeon has inserted a tube through the nose down into the stomach, or through an incision in the skin that penetrates the abdominal wall. Patients using a feeding tube are said to be undergoing gavage or enteral feeding. ...

Hypercoagulation Disorders

Hypercoagulation disorders, also known as thrombophilia or thrombotic disorders, are abnormalities in which a patient's blood clots too easily, resulting in several possible disease conditions. Coagulation is a vital process. Fortunately, for most people it is also an automatic, dependable one. In some cases, however, hypercoagulation (excessive clotting) occurs and may become life-threatening. ...

Laser Atherectomy for Peripheral Artery Disease

Laser atherectomy is a new and efficient method of removing plaque from blood vessels clogged by peripheral artery disease. Peripheral artery disease or PAD, also known as peripheral vascular disease or PVD, is caused by atherosclerosis, a condition in which the arteries become clogged with plaque and blood flow is impeded. PAD most frequently occurs in the legs, but can occur elsewhere in the body. Arterial plaque, made up of cholesterol and other substances, usually forms in arteries already narrowed and hardened by the process of arteriosclerosis, a normal part of aging. ...

MRI | San Jose | Available August 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive, radiation-free scanning technology that is used to view detailed images of the tissues and organs within the body. During an MRI test, radio waves and magnetic fields are used to produce clear and detailed three-dimensional images of organs, as well as the hard and soft tissues throughout the body. ...

Peritoneal Dialysis

Dialysis is a treatment to filter the blood and remove waste products when the kidneys are no longer functioning properly. During hemodialysis, the patient's blood circulates through a machine to be cleansed before re-entering the body. This procedure takes place in a medical setting under the supervision of a healthcare professional. ...

Renal Artery Stenosis

Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the narrowing of one or both of the renal arteries, the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidneys from the aorta. RAS often causes high blood pressure and reduced kidney function, but many times it has no symptoms until it becomes severe. Most cases of RAS are caused by a condition called "atherosclerosis," the clogging, narrowing and hardening of the renal arteries. RAS develops when plaque builds up on the inner wall of the renal arteries, causing them to harden and narrow. RAS can also be caused by fibromuscular dysplasia, an abnormal growth of tissue within the wall of the artery, which also causes the blood vessels to narrow. ...

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

An aneurysm is a bulge in an artery, caused by a weakening of the blood vessel wall. A thoracic aortic aneurysm forms in the chest, within the body's largest artery, known as the aorta, typically caused by atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries. Atherosclerosis is a condition in which a gradual buildup of fats and cholesterol along the artery walls hardens into a substance called plaque. As the amount of plaque increases, it slowly narrows the diameter of the artery, often causing an aneurysm, and contributing to other cardiovascular disorders. ...

Uterine Artery Embolization | San Jose 

Uterine artery embolization, also known as fibroid embolization, is a minimally invasive procedure that blocks blood flow to uterine fibroids, shrinking or destroying the non-cancerous tumors that grow on the uterine walls. UAE is performed here at MISS by our specialists in San Jose, Santa Clara County.

What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids? ...

Venous Thrombectomy

Venous thrombectomy is the surgical removal of a clot within a large vein. This type of clot usually develops as a complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a common but serious condition in which a clot develops in a vein deep within the body. DVT causes vein damage, resulting in impeded blood flow. Although DVT is often asymptomatic, if the clot detaches and travels to the lungs, pulmonary embolism, which is potentially fatal, can develop. Venous thrombectomy is generally viewed as a treatment of last resort, and is sometimes performed only when a patient already has a pulmonary embolism. ...

Peripheral Artery Disease

Peripheral artery disease, also known as PAD, is a common vascular condition involving a buildup of plaque within the peripheral arteries of the limbs, usually the legs and feet. Plaque is an accumulation of fat, cholesterol, calcium and other substances in the blood. The buildup of plaque can severely narrow or block the arteries and limit the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body. PAD may be a symptom of atherosclerosis, a specific form of arteriosclerosis, which leads to a more widespread occurrence of plaque buildup in arteries. ...

X-Ray 

X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation, similar to visible light. Unlike light, however, x-rays have higher energy and can pass through most objects, including the body. Medical x-rays are used to generate images of tissues and structures inside the body.

X-Ray Purpose

When X-rays are used ...

Inferior Vena Cava Filter

An inferior vena cava (IVC) filter , is a vascular filter that is inserted through a small incision into the main vein in the abdomen. This vein in the abdomen is called the inferior vena cava. The filter prevents blood clots from breaking loose in leg veins and lodging in the lung. The IVC filter is typically implanted permanently in those patients with a high risk of pulmonary embolism. ...

Carotid Angioplasty with Stent Placement

Carotid angioplasty and stent placement is a minimally invasive procedure performed to open blocked arteries and improve blood flow. During the procedure, the surgeon will permanently place a stent to keep the artery open, preventing or treating a stroke. The carotid arteries are located on each side of the neck and are the arteries responsible for blood flow to the brain. ...

Facet-Joint Injections

Facet-joint injections are both a minimally invasive treatment for back pain caused by inflamed facet joints, and a diagnostic tool for determining whether facet-joint inflammation is a source of pain. Four facet joints connect each vertebra to the vertebra above and below it. A facet-joint injection, administered into either the joint capsule or its surrounding tissue, combines a long-lasting steroid and a local anesthetic. ...

Foam Sclerotherapy

Foam sclerotherapy is a medical procedure used to treat varicose veins. Varicose veins result from weakened valves which keep the veins from functioning properly and allow blood to pool in the legs. Varicose veins may be not only unattractive but medically problematic. During foam sclerotherapy, a sclerosant solution is injected into the affected veins, causing their eventual collapse. These damaged veins will be absorbed by the body and blood flow will naturally be rerouted through other, healthy veins. ...

Nephrostomy

A nephrostomy, also known as percutaneous nephrostomy, is performed to drain urine from the kidney. This procedure is necessary when urine cannot move through the ureters, bladder, and urethra as it normally does. A nephrostomy is performed by the surgical insertion of a tube directly into the kidney. The function of the nephrostomy is to temporarily drain urine either because its flow has been blocked or because normal urine flow has to be temporarily interrupted for medical reasons. The procedure allows the kidney to function properly and protects it from further damage. It also helps to clear any infection. ...

Renovascular Disease

Renovascular disease is the blockage or narrowing within the renal arteries or veins, the blood vessels that carry blood to and from the kidneys. The arteries are affected much more commonly than the veins. Renovascular disease can cause kidney damage or kidney failure. This condition occurs most often in older patients, although young women may also be at risk for a certain type of renovascular disease called fibromuscular dysplasia. ...

FIBROID Treatment | San Jose

Uterine fibroids (myomas) are tumors that grow in the uterine walls. They are usually benign, and vary in size and quantity. The exact cause of uterine fibroids is unknown, but their formation may be affected by genetics, with a woman being more likely to develop them if she has a family member similarly afflicted. Most fibroids do not cause any symptoms and do not require any treatment, although, in some cases, they lead to pregnancy complications. Uterine fibroids are most common in women older than 30, and during the reproductive years.

Schedule a consulatation with our specialist at MISS in San Jose,  Santa Clara County at (408) 918-0405  ...

Vascular Access for Dialysis

Dialysis, short for "hemodialysis," is a blood-cleansing procedure used as treatment for chronic kidney failure. The chief function of the kidneys is to filter waste products from the blood. When the kidneys fail, dialysis takes over their function. During dialysis, blood is removed from a vein in the patient's arm (the leg is also used, albeit much less frequently), circulated through a filtering machine, and returned to the body through an artery. Before dialysis begins, a point of vascular access (the site where blood is removed and returned) must be created. ...

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm FAQ's

What is an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

An aneurysm is a localized, balloon-like expansion in a blood vessel, caused by weak vessel walls. The abdominal aorta refers to the part of the aorta, the artery that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the legs, between the diaphragm and the legs. That is why the bulge that occurs in the abdominal aorta is called an abdominal aortic aneurysm. ...

Carotid Artery Ultrasound

A carotid artery ultrasound is a diagnostic procedure that uses high-frequency sound waves to generate images of the neck's internal carotid arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the brain. A carotid artery ultrasound is used to evaluate a patient's risk of stroke or other cardiovascular complications by checking for artery-narrowing plaque buildup. ...

Head and Neck Computed Tomography Scan

A head and neck computed tomography (CT) scan is a noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses multiple X-rays to create cross-sectional views of the head and neck areas. A CT scan of the head and neck enables a radiologist to see images of the neck, skull, brain, sinuses and eye sockets. A CT scan is painless, and its images are clearer and more detailed than those of a traditional X-ray. ...

Lumbar Sympathetic Nerve Block

A lumbar sympathetic nerve block is administered to both diagnose and treat pain in the lumbar (lower) region of the spine. It is used to determine whether the lumbar sympathetic nerves, which carry pain impulses from the lower extremities, are the cause of the pain, and, in some cases, serves to eliminate that pain altogether. During the procedure, medication is injected into or around the lumbar sympathetic nerves on one side of the body. ...

Pelvic Varicose Veins

Varicose veins are swollen blood vessels which do not function efficiently. While they most frequently appear on the legs, they may also develop in the pelvic region, in the lower abdomen or around the genitals, thighs or buttocks. Patients with pelvic varicose veins, or pelvic congestion syndrome, may be asymptomatic. They may also experience troubling symptoms, primarily pain in the region. Women suffer more frequently with pelvic varicose veins, but men are also susceptible to the problem. Pelvic varicose veins may be invisible, particularly when the patient is lying down. ...

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy

A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, also known as a PEG or gastrostomy tube insertion, is a surgical procedure to insert a feeding tube through the abdomen and into the stomach. A gastrostomy can be either a temporary or long-term treatment, depending on the condition of the patient. ...

Perforator Vein Ablation

The veins that connect the deep and superficial veins are called perforator veins. Like other veins in the body, they may weaken and become damaged. If their valves malfunction and allow a back flow of blood, called venous reflux, varicose veins may develop. Varicose veins appear as twisted ropes under the surface of the skin. They usually occur in the legs due to the fact that there they are working against gravity. While patients with varicose veins may be asymptomatic, at least initially, varicose veins may cause troubling symptoms, such as pain, swelling, itching or bleeding. Whether they cause medical symptoms of not, for many patients varicose veins may present daunting cosmetic issues. Patients with varicose veins should be thoroughly checked since the damaged veins may be an indication of circulatory problems elsewhere in the body. ...

Peripheral Artery Disease - FAQ's

What is peripheral artery disease?

Peripheral artery disease (PAD), also known as peripheral vascular disease (PVD), occurs when peripheral blood vessels are blocked, hardened and narrowed with plaque in a condition called atherosclerosis. This condition reduces the amount of blood that flows to your head, organs and limbs and increases the risk of a heart attack, stroke, and transient ischemic attack. Due to the restricted blood flow, peripheral artery disease increases your risk of infection in your limbs. In severe cases of peripheral artery disease, gangrene can occur. ...

PET Scan | San Jose 

Positron emission tomography, also known as a PET scan, is a diagnostic test that captures images of biological functions. The images provide information about cell biochemistry and metabolism that can help diagnose a variety of diseases and other conditions. PET imaging measures energy emitted from a radioactive substance that is ingested prior to the procedure. The injected material, detected through radioactive particles called positrons, interacts with body tissue to produce gamma radiation, which provides information about cell biochemistry and metabolism. ...

Women and Heart Disease

Heart (cardiovascular) disease is the leading cause of death in women older than 40. The death rate from heart disease increases as women age, especially after they reach menopause. It has claimed the lives of more women than men since 1984, and is responsible for the deaths of more women than breast and lung cancers combined. Each year, one of every four women in the United States will die from heart disease, with African-American women having a higher death rate than Caucasian women. ...

Back Pain Prevention

At some point in their lives, the great majority of adults will suffer from significant low back pain, usually from an injury at work, at home or at play. Orthopedists, chiropractors, physical therapists, coaches and trainers all have helpful advice regarding back pain prevention. By following their directives, people can minimize the possibility of back injury, and keep themselves healthier in the process. ...

Reticular Veins

Reticular veins are damaged veins that are larger than spider veins but smaller than varicose veins. While they may appear blue or greenish and somewhat enlarged beneath the surface of the skin, they are not ropy and bulging like varicose veins. Reticular veins can appear occasionally on the face, but are most frequently found on the outer thighs or on the backs of the thighs and knees. Usually only of cosmetic concern, reticular veins may also cause patients to experience tenderness, pain, burning or itching in the affected area. ...

Nerve Pain

Nerve pain often results from nerve entrapment syndrome, the damage caused when a nerve is pinched or compressed. Patients with this condition may experience mild or severe pain that is temporary or chronic. The nerves of the body extend from the brain and spinal cord, threading through to every region of the body. The compression of the nerve can take place in the spine, causing pain to radiate into the limbs, or can take place in other parts of the body. It may occur do to a traumatic injury, repeated stress, or an underlying disease condition. ...

Ultrasound

An ultrasound, also known as a sonogram, is a fast, painless imaging technique that produces images of the internal organs through the use of high-frequency sound waves. It is especially useful for examining the breasts, bladder, thyroid, abdominal organs and male and female reproductive organs, and for obtaining images of the fetus in the womb. ...

Venous Insufficiency

Venous insufficiency is a chronic condition that involves a backwards flow of blood though the veins in the leg as a result of damaged valves. This back flow is called venous reflux. When blood cannot flow efficiently back to the heart, it begins to pool in the leg. Left untreated, venous insufficiency can lead to progressive vascular disease, causing pain, swelling, skin changes and eventual tissue breakdown. Chronic venous insufficiency is a long-term condition. It occurs because a vein is partly blocked, or blood is leaking around the valves. ...

Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction

Sacroiliac joint dysfunction, also known as sacroiliitis, is the inflammation of one or both of the sacroiliac joints, the joints that link the pelvis and lower spine by connecting the sacrum to the iliac bones. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction may be caused by injury, pregnancy, osteoarthritis, degeneration of cartilage, or inflammatory joint disease. At times, a structural abnormality, such as legs of differing lengths or severe pronation, may put increased stress on the joint, resulting in this problem. Patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction typically experience pain in the buttocks and lower back that worsens when running or standing. While a traumatic injury may cause this problem, it more often develops gradually over a long period. ...

Cardiovascular Disease FAQs

The heart is a muscle that pumps oxygenated blood from the arteries throughout the body. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the buildup of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries, the arteries that supply blood to the heart. These fatty substances, such as cholesterol, fat or cells that collect along the lining of the coronary arteries are called plaque. Most of the plaque build-up, either in the heart or the blood vessels, develops over the course of time. Because the arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart, any blockage left untreated can result in the risk of the patient experiencing a heart attack, stroke or even death. ...

Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease is a buildup of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. This buildup of fat, cholesterol and calcium, known collectively as plaque, can cause a hardening and narrowing of the arteries that restricts blood from reaching the heart. Blood clots can also form and completely block the artery. Coronary artery disease develops gradually, and can eventually lead to a heart attack or heart failure. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in the United States for both men and women. ...

Varicose Veins of the Feet

Varicose veins do not form only on the legs; they can develop in many other areas, with the feet being a common location. Pressure placed on the veins of the legs and feet during standing and walking can eventually damage veins, causing their valves to weaken. Weak valves can result in a backflow of blood, called venous reflux, that interferes with normal circulation. As blood pools, the walls of the veins are further stressed, eventually causing them to distend and raise the surface of the skin. Varicose veins of the feet, like other varicose veins, are not simply a cosmetic problem. If left untreated, they can lead to potentially serious medical issues, including extensive bleeding and phlebitis. ...

Intracranial Aneurysm

An intracranial aneurysm, also known as a cerebral aneurysm, is a blood vessel within the brain that bulges or expands like a balloon and fills with blood. Caused by a weakness in wall of an artery, an intracranial aneurysm may lead to pressure on surrounding nerves and tissue, and an increased risk of rupture or hemorrhage. While this condition can occur anywhere within the brain, intracranial aneurysms most commonly affect the arteries from the underside of the brain to the base of the skull. Intracranial aneurysms can affect individuals of all ages, but are more common in adults than children, and seem to affect women more than men. ...

Fluoroscopy FAQs

Fluoroscopy is an X-ray procedure that captures moving images in the body. It allows doctors to evaluate the functioning of almost all the body's systems, including the cardiovascular, urinary, digestive, respiratory, musculoskeletal and reproductive. In addition to being used as a diagnostic tool, fluoroscopy is often used therapeutically, and to assist in complicated surgical procedures. ...

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Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

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Sacroiliac-Joint Steroid Injections

Sacroiliac-joint steroid injections help to diagnose and relieve lower-back pain caused by problems with one or both of the sacroiliac joints, which connect the spine's base (sacrum) to the pelvis's ilium bones. If one or both of the sacroiliac joints is inflamed (sacroiliac-joint dysfunction), a patient can experience pain in the buttocks and lower back that worsens when running or standing. Sacroiliac-joint dysfunction can be caused by osteoarthritis, traumatic injury, pregnancy, inflammatory joint disease, or underlying structural abnormalities. ...

Stroke

A stroke occurs when there is a reduction in the flow of blood to the brain. The lack of blood supply may be the result of a blockage in an artery or a burst blood vessel in the brain. A stroke deprives brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients, causing brain cells to die. A stroke is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention by a medical professional. Prompt treatment can minimize damage to the brain and prevent further complications. ...

Venous Interventions

Venous interventions are minimally invasive treatment options for patients with blocked or narrowed veins. These treatments are designed to either open up or seal off the diseased veins in order to prevent serious complications or permanent damage, while avoiding the need for surgery. ...

Heart Attack FAQs

A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when a coronary artery, a blood vessel that delivers blood to the heart, is suddenly blocked and cannot supply the heart with blood and oxygen. This causes damage and gradual death of the heart muscle and requires immediate treatment in order to save the patient's life. Heart attacks are the leading cause of death in the United States. ...

Sciatica

Sciatica is an inflammation of the sciatic nerve, the longest nerve in the body. The sciatic nerve stretches from the spinal cord to the end of each leg and may become inflamed for a number of reasons, including age-related changes in the spine, obesity, or a sedentary lifestyle. Sciatica usually develops gradually as the nerve is compressed over time. This results in pain along the nerve pathway, as well as numbness, tingling and muscle weakness in the affected area. ...

Transient Ischemic Attack

A transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurs when the blood flow to the brain stops for a brief period of time. A TIA is a stroke-like event caused by improper blood flow in the carotid artery. The carotid artery is located in the neck and it carries blood from the heart to the brain. When blood flow is disrupted or blocked within these arteries, stroke-like symptoms may occur. Symptoms of a TIA are similar to those of a stroke, but they do not last as long, as the blockage within the artery may break-up or dissolve. In some individuals, a transient ischemic attack may be a warning sign that a stroke may occur in the future. ...

Spider Veins FAQs

Spider veins, also known as telengiectasias, are a very common problem, aesthetically troubling to many people. Following are some frequently asked questions about spider veins.

What are spider veins?

Spider veins are veins in which the valves have stopped functioning properly. When the valves of a vein are working correctly, they keep blood flowing in one direction. When they become damaged, they allow blood to flow backwards and pool, causing the walls of the vein to distend and enlarge. This is called venous reflux. When smaller, more superficial veins are involved, a web of red or blue thin branches appear on the surface of the skin, usually on the legs or face. These are referred to as spider veins. ...

Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS)

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) typically involves implanting an electronic device in the body to help relieve chronic back and leg pain. The device, called a "spinal cord stimulator" or "dorsal column stimulator," sends electrical impulses through wires/electrodes placed near the spinal cord; the impulses block pain signals from reaching the brain. SCS does not cure chronic pain, but usually lessens it by 50 percent and more by replacing a patient's feeling of pain with a tingling sensation. Before implantation, a patient is asked to go through a trial period with an external device; this allows pain levels to be evaluated, and determine whether they decrease when the device is used. ...

Mammography FAQs

A mammogram is an X-ray examination of the breast performed to detect breast cancer in its earliest stages, often before any signs or symptoms of the disease are present. Mammograms are an effective way to detect cancer early with the goal of successfully treating and beating it.

Who is this procedure for?

A mammogram is a useful tool in detecting breast cancer because it can show abnormalities, like a tumor, in the breast tissue long before they can be felt. Screening and diagnostic mammography can aid in the detection and diagnosis of breast diseases, lumps, cysts and benign and malignant tumors. They can also detect calcium deposits that may indicate breast cancer. ...

Spinal Stenosis

Spinal stenosis is the narrowing in one or more areas of the spinal canal as a result of injury or deterioration of the discs, joints or bones of the spine. Most cases of spinal stenosis develop as a result of the degenerative changes that occur during aging. Osteoarthritis is the main cause of spinal stenosis, since this condition causes deterioration of cartilage in the area that leads to the bones rubbing against each other. As bones make repeated abnormal contact, bone spurs form, narrowing the spinal canal. ...

Sympathetic-Nerve Blocks

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary body functions, including blood flow, heart rate, digestion and perspiration. Sympathetic nerves spread outward from the spine, and, when compromised, can cause pain in various parts of the body. A sympathetic-nerve block is an injection of medication into whichever of these nerves is causing the pain. It works by numbing the nerve, which interrupts the pain signals the nerve is sending to the brain. It is used both to diagnose damage of and treat pain caused by the sympathetic nerves. ...

Nutrition

Proper diet is essential to maintaining good health. Keeping the body well-nourished and at a healthy weight has been proven to improve mood, quality of life and longevity. It may also go a long way in preventing or controlling many serious illnesses. Obesity, which has now reached epidemic proportions in the United States, and an enemy of good health, can be kept at bay through proper nutrition along with a program of healthy exercise. ...

Transforaminal Injections

A transforaminal injection is an injection of a long-acting corticosteroid into a foramen of the spine, the place where a nerve root exits. The procedure is performed to relieve back pain and numbness in an attempt to avoid surgical intervention. The injection helps to reduce inflammation and swelling which not only relieves pain, but restores sensation and improves mobility. Transforaminal injections are most successful for patients with radicular back pain, or pain that radiates down the arms or legs. They do not work as effectively on other types of back or neck pain. ...

Exercise

Regular exercise has many benefits that may help individuals live longer, healthier lives. Individuals who engage in regular moderately intense physical activity may reduce their risks of developing heart disease and other serious illnesses.

Benefits of an Exercise Routine

Regular physical activity can improve health and lengthen life expectancy by helping a patient to achieve and maintain an appropriate weight, become energetic and fit, strengthen the immune system, and preserve emotional balance. ...

Vertebroplasty

Vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure administered to treat vertebral compression fractures with an injection of bone cement directly into the injured tissue. Compression fractures commonly occur as a result of osteoporosis, spinal tumors or injury, and can cause severe pain and limited mobility. They can also lead to abnormal spine curvature and increase a patient's risk for serious spinal complications. When deemed a viable alternative to spinal surgery, a vertebroplasty presents many advantages. Unlike more invasive procedures, a vertebroplasty requires almost no recovery period and results in almost no scarring or bleeding and very little discomfort. In addition, a vertebroplasty can be a method of prevention as well as treatment, since the bone is very unlikely to refracture in the area in which it has been cemented. ...

Intracranial Arterial Stenosis

Intracranial arterial stenosis is the a narrowing of an artery within the brain. This condition can significantly affect blood flow and lead to a stroke. Intracranial arterial stenosis is caused by a buildup of plaque in the wall of the blood vessels, which narrows the arteries and blood passageways, resulting in decreased blood flow to certain areas of the brain. Stroke may be a result of intracranial arterial stenosis because of plaque that may completely block an artery, or a piece of plaque that may break off and travel to clog an artery supplying blood flow to the brain or another vital organ. Intracranial arterial stenosis is more prevalent among African-Americans and people of Asian, or Hispanic heritage. ...

Image-guided Surgery

Image-guided surgery (IGS) uses computer-generated images before, during and after a surgical procedure in order to identify and clarify the particular features of a surgical site. During image-guided surgery, the surgeon tracks the path of surgical instruments in order to perform the procedure indirectly. Image-guided surgery is a type of computer-assisted surgery. It has the advantage of being minimally invasive, and of allowing the surgeon to have an enhanced view of the anatomical structures of the surgical site. ...

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat conditions in the abdominal and pelvic areas. During a laparoscopic procedure, a thin tube with a camera on the end, known as a laparoscope, is inserted through a tiny incision to allow the doctor to closely examine the organs of the area. Surgical instruments can be inserted through additional incisions to treat any identified problems or to retrieve tissue specimens. ...

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound

A Transcranial Doppler, or TCD, is a diagnostic test using ultrasound waves to produce images of the blood flow within the brain's arteries. This procedure is often done in conjunction with a carotid Doppler ultrasound.

The results of a TCD ultrasound are used to assess the risk of a stroke. This procedure can also be used during surgical procedures to monitor blood flow in the brain. ...

Varicose Veins

Varicose veins, which appear as unsightly bulges, usually on the legs, may be a medical, as well as cosmetic, problem. Varicose veins affect both men and women. According to the The National Institutes of Health, a quarter of patients who suffer from this condition are men. More women seek help for this disorder than men not only because more women suffer from them, but because in our culture women expose their legs more frequently to public view. Regardless of gender, however, varicose veins can be a serious problem requiring medical intervention. ...